CONCEPTS OF SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT: TRANSFORMATION OF CONTENT AND PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

Abstract

The article examines the conceptual transformation and practical significance of sustainable and resilient development for modern socio-economic systems. The main objective is to provide a methodological comparison between these two paradigms, outlining their theoretical foundations, implementation mechanisms, and relevance in the context of the 21st-century global challenges. Sustainable development is presented as a long-term strategic framework focused on balancing economic growth, social equity, and environmental sustainability. Rooted in the Brundtland Report (1987) and formalized through the UN Sustainable Development Goals (2015), it provides a normative orientation for inclusive and ecologically responsible development. Resilient development, in contrast, responds to the volatility and complexity of the BANI world (Brittle, Anxious, Non-linear, Incomprehensible). Based on resilience theory (Holling, 1973), it emphasizes adaptive capacity, flexibility, and the ability of systems to absorb shocks and recover functionality during crises. The article shows that resilient development complements the sustainable paradigm by offering operational tools to maintain system viability amid uncertainty. A comparative matrix highlights key differences: sustainable development focuses on strategic goals and ecological limits, while resilient development prioritizes adaptability and crisis response. The study also reviews various models—Triple Bottom Line, Circular Economy, Doughnut Economy, Green and Welfare Economy—demonstrating how they embody both concepts in practice. Theoretically, the article clarifies the distinction between the two concepts; practically, it proposes an integrated approach for policymakers to build hybrid strategies that ensure both long-term sustainability and short-term resilience. The conclusion argues for combining these frameworks to enhance systemic robustness, inclusivity, and development viability in uncertain conditions.