THE ROLE OF THE STATE BUDGET OF UKRAINE IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GOALS UNDER CRISIS CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects of sustainable economic development in Ukraine under the conditions of full-scale war and post-war recovery. Particular attention is paid to the interrelations between fiscal policy, structural transformations of the national economy, and the achievement of sustainable development goals. The study emphasizes that sustainable economic development, as a component of the broader concept of sustainable development, is not only an economic category but also a multidimensional phenomenon that integrates social, ecological, and institutional aspects. The article provides a systematization of generally accepted definitions of “sustainable development” and “sustainable economic development,” highlighting their essential role in forming long-term strategies for national reconstruction. The research substantiates the relationship between the current structure of public budget expenditures and the implementation of sustainable economic development goals in the context of global and domestic challenges. A schematic representation of the connection between budget expenditures according to functional classification and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is presented, which allows to demonstrate the alignment of fiscal flows with strategic development objectives. The paper identifies the main barriers to achieving the goals of sustainable economic development, among which are limited financial resources, structural imbalances of the national economy, the destructive consequences of war, and the risks of economic conservation within a raw-material export-oriented model. Based on systematization and analytical generalization, it is established that the effectiveness of Ukraine’s post-war recovery largely depends on the introduction of systemic transformations capable of ensuring long-term economic growth, social welfare, and ecological balance. The study emphasizes that fiscal policy should serve as the key instrument for shaping financial prerequisites for the country’s technological modernization, stimulation of innovation-driven sectors, and overcoming socio-economic disparities between regions. Particular attention is given to the necessity of developing self-sufficient high-tech sectors of the national economy, which would ensure the transition from an extractive model to an innovation-oriented trajectory of growth. The article proposes strategic approaches to the transformation of fiscal regulation aimed at ensuring effective recovery of the Ukrainian economy, achieving stable rates of sustainable economic growth, and strengthening the country’s global competitiveness. It is argued that only through the integration of sustainable development goals into national budgetary and institutional policies Ukraine will be able to secure its long-term resilience, economic sovereignty, and capacity to respond to global challenges.