ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS OF THE SUNFLOWER MARKET
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/ecovis/2024-3-4-13Keywords:
sunflower market, pricing, export, competitiveness, agro-industrial complex, market dynamics, adaptation strategiesAbstract
The subject of the study is the mechanism of functioning of economic instruments of the sunflower market in conditions of military operations and climatic challenges. The purpose of the study was to study the economic instruments of the sunflower market and develop practical recommendations for adapting market participants to modern challenges in order to increase the stability and competitiveness of the Ukrainian sunflower sector in international markets. To study the dynamics of the market, pricing mechanisms and behavioral strategies of market participants, general scientific research methods were used, such as system analysis, comparative analysis, statistical analysis and generalization methods. The article substantiates that Ukraine is a dominant force in the global sunflower market, occupying 18.7% of world production and providing approximately 40% of world supplies of sunflower oil. It is emphasized that the study of economic instruments of functioning of this market in conditions of military operations and climatic challenges is an extremely urgent task for the stability of international commodity markets. The structural changes in the agricultural landscape of Ukraine as a result of the war were studied, in particular the loss of 22% of pre-war arable land due to occupation and destruction of infrastructure. It is substantiated that the combination of military upheavals and drought conditions during the 2023/24 growing season led to a reduction in sunflower production to 11.4–13.6 million tonnes (compared to 14.4 million tonnes in 2022/23), a decline of 11–21% (USDA UP2023-0029). The dynamics of pricing in conditions of supply shortages were studied. An assessment was made of domestic prices reaching 22,000–25,000 UAH/t in MY 2023/24 and world FOB prices on the Black Sea in the range of 950–1,050 USD/t. The impact of production restrictions on the behavior of market participants was determined through the use of stockholding strategies by farmers to maximize profitability, and aggressive accumulation of raw materials by processors. Examples of shifting market power in favor of suppliers in key producing regions (Odessa, Dnipropetrovsk, Mykolaiv, Kharkiv) are provided. The importance of diversifying export routes and switching processors to alternative oilseed crops (rapeseed, soybeans) as a mechanism for the industry’s adaptation to crisis conditions is substantiated. The main challenges to competitiveness are identified through a comparative analysis of productivity, where EU countries achieve 42-48% higher yields. It is concluded that the Ukrainian sunflower industry demonstrates fundamental resilience through its ability to diversify strategies and maintain leadership in the EU market. Bridging the productivity gap is a key factor in long-term competitiveness.
References
Олійник Т. Г. Економічна ефективність виробництва соняшнику та шляхи її підвищення в аграрних підприємствах Баштанського району. Агросвіт. 2019. № 6. С. 10-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32702/2306-6792.2019.6.10
Велієва В. О. Комплексний економічний аналіз ефективності виробництва соняшника. Науковий вісник Ужгородського національного університету. Серія: Міжнародні економічні відносини та світове господарство. 2020. № 30. С. 32-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2413-9971/2020-30-6
Рунчева Н. В., Бритвєнко А. С. Кореляційний аналіз концентрації й ефективності виробництва й переробки соняшнику в агрохолдингах України та оцінка їх впливу на розвиток спеціалізованих аграрних ринків. Ефективна економіка. 2019. № 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32702/2307-2105-2019.5.2
Івановський А. Економічна сутність ринку сільськогосподарської продукції. Продовольчі ресурси. 2022. Т. 10, № 18. С. 219–227. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/foodresources2022-18-21
Литовченко Л., Хлопоніна-Гнатенко О., Михайленко В. Фактори впливу на формування економічної поведінки підприємств з виробництва та переробки продукції олійних культур. Modeling the development of the economic systems. 2023. № 2. С. 13–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/mdes/2023-8-2
Чехова І. В. Особливості функціонування ринку олійних культур в Україні. Науково-технічний бюлетень Інституту олійних культур НААН. 2022. № 32. С. 154–161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36710/ioc-2022-32-15
Сікало М. Сучасні аспекти формування організаційно-економічного механізму державного регулювання розвитку ринку зерна України. Теорія та практика державного управління. 2020. № 3(70). С. 122-130. https://doi.org/10.34213/tp.20.03.14
Самойленко А., Царьов В., Семенчук А., Данильченко С. Фактори ціноутворення на соняшникову олію. Development Service Industry Management. 2024. № 3. С. 162–168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/dsim-2024-7(23)
Nitsenko V.S. Innovative development of the oil and fat industry in the context of the functioning of agricultural holdings: the case of Ukraine. Вісник ХНАУ ім. В.В. Докучаєва. Серія „Економічні науки”. 2020. № 2. С. 360-364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31359/2312-3427-2020-2-371
Nitsenko V.S., Hanzhurenko I.V., Ingram K.L. The potential for development of oil and fat industry enterprises. Вісник ХНАУ ім. В.В. Докучаєва. Серія „Економічні науки”. 2020. № 3. С. 226-238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31359/2312-3427-2020-3-226
United States Department of Agriculture. Grain and Feed Quarterly. Report Number: UP2024-0008. Kyiv: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service. 2024. URL: https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=Grain%20and%20Feed%20Annual_Kyiv_Ukraine_UP2024-0008.pdf
Соняшник-2024: недобір урожаю через посуху, але технології все одно дають перевагу. SuperAgronom. 2024. URL: https://superagronom.com/blog/1067-sonyashnik-2024-nedobir-urojayu-cherez-posuhu-ale-tehnologiyi-vse-odno-dayut-perevagu
Food Outlook – Biannual report on global food markets. FAO. June 2024. Rome. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1158en
Зниження собівартості вирощування соняшнику: що радять фахівці? SuperAgronom. 2023. URL: https://superagronom.com/articles/642-znijennya-sobivartosti-viroschuvannya-sonyashniku-scho-radyat-fahivtsi
United States Department of Agriculture. Ukraine Production Estimates (sunflower MY2023/24). Crop Explorer. 2024. URL: https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/cropexplorer/pecad_stories.aspx?regionid=umb&ftype=prodbriefs
Grain Market Report No. 528 (sunflower outlook 2023/24). International Grains Council. London: IGC. 2023. URL: https://www.igc.int/en/default.aspx
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT: Crops and livestock products (sunflower up to 2023). 2023. URL: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL
Нові гібриди соняшнику компанії KWS. Результати випробувань 2023 року. KWS Ukraine. 2023. URL: https://www.kws.com/ua/uk/novyny-ta-podiyi/novyny/novyny-sonyashnyku/novi-hibrydy-soniashnyku-kompanii-kws-rezultaty-vyprobuvan-2023-roku/
Oliinyk, T. H. (2019). Ekonomichna efektyvnist vyrobnytstva soniashnyku ta shliakhy ii pidvyshchennia v ahrarnykh pidpryiemstvakh Bashtanskoho raionu [Economic efficiency of sunflower production and ways to increase it in agricultural enterprises of Bashtansky district]. Ahrosvit, no. 6, pp. 10–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32702/2306-6792.2019.6.10 [in Ukrainian].
Veliieva, V. O. (2020). Kompleksnyi ekonomichnyi analiz efektyvnosti vyrobnytstva soniashnyka [Comprehensive economic analysis of the efficiency of sunflower production]. Naukovyi Visnyk Uzhhorodskoho Natsionalnoho Universytetu. Seriia: Mizhnarodni Ekonomichni Vidnosyny ta Svitove Hospodarstvo, no. 30, pp. 32–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2413-9971/2020-30-6 [in Ukrainian].
Runcheva, N. V., & Britvienko, A. S. (2019). Koreliatsiinyi analiz kontsentratsii i efektyvnosti vyrobnytstva i pererobky soniashnyku v ahrokholdynhah Ukrainy ta otsinka ikh vplyvu na rozvytok spetsializovanykh ahrarnykh rynkiv [Correlation analysis of the concentration and efficiency of sunflower production and processing in agricultural holdings of Ukraine and assessment of their impact on the development of specialized agricultural markets]. Efektyvna Ekonomika, no. 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32702/2307-2105-2019.5.2 [in Ukrainian].
Ivanovskyi, A. (2022). Ekonomichna sutnist rynku silskohospodarskoi produktsii [Economic essence of the agricultural products market]. Prodovolchi Resursy, vol. 10, no. 18, pp. 219–227. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/foodresources2022-18-21 [in Ukrainian].
Lytovchenko, L., Khloponina-Hnatenko, O., & Mykhailenko, V. (2023). Faktory vplyvu na formuvannia ekonomichnoi povedinky pidpryiemstv z vyrobnytstva ta pererobky produktsii oliinykh kultur [Factors of influence on the formation of economic behavior of enterprises for the production and processing of oilseed products]. Modeling the Development of the Economic Systems, no. 2, pp. 13–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/mdes/2023-8-2 [in Ukrainian].
Chekhova, I. V. (2022). Osoblyvosti funktsionuvannia rynku oliinykh kultur v Ukraini [Features of the functioning of the oilseeds market in Ukraine]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi Biuleten Instytutu Oliinykh Kultur NAAN, no. 32, pp. 154–161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36710/ioc-2022-32-15 [in Ukrainian].
Sikalo, M. (2020). Suchasni aspekty formuvannia orhanizatsiino-ekonomichnoho mekhanizmu derzhavnoho rehuliuvannia rozvytku rynku zerna ukrainy [Modern aspects of the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism of state regulation of the grain market development in Ukraine]. Teoriia ta Praktyka Derzhavnoho Upravlinnia, no. 3(70), pp. 122–130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34213/tp.20.03.14 [in Ukrainian].
Samoilenko, A., Tsariov, V., Semenchuk, A., & Danylchenko, S. (2024). Faktory tsinoutvorennia na soniashnykovu oliiu [Factors of pricing for sunflower oil]. Development Service Industry Management, no. 3, pp. 162–168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/dsim-2024-7(23 [in Ukrainian].
Nitsenko, V. S. (2020). Innovative development of the oil and fat industry in the context of the functioning of agricultural holdings: The case of Ukraine. Visnyk KhNAU im. V.V. Dokuchaieva. Seriia „Ekonomichni nauky”, no. 2, pp. 360–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31359/2312-3427-2020-2-371
Nitsenko, V. S., Hanzhurenko, I. V., & Ingram, K. L. (2020). The potential for development of oil and fat industry enterprises. Visnyk KhNAU im. V.V. Dokuchaieva. Seriia „Ekonomichni nauky”, no. 3, pp. 226–238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31359/2312-3427-2020-3-226
United States Department of Agriculture. (2024). Grain and feed quarterly (Report no. UP2024-0008). USDA Foreign Agricultural Service. Available at: https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=Grain%20and%20Feed%20Annual_Kyiv_Ukraine_UP2024-0008.pdf
SuperAgronom. (2024). Soniashnyk-2024: nedobir urozhaiu cherez posukhu, ale tekhnolohii vse odno daiut perevahu [Sunflower-2024: crop failure due to drought, but technologies still provide an advantage]. Available at: https://superagronom.com/blog/1067-sonyashnik-2024-nedobir-urojayu-cherez-posuhu-ale-tehnologiyi-vse-odno-dayut-perevagu [in Ukrainian].
FAO. (2024). Food outlook – Biannual report on global food markets. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1158en
SuperAgronom. (2023). Znyzhennia sobivartosti vyroshchuvannia soniashnyku: shcho radiat fakhivtsi? [Reducing the cost of growing sunflower: what do experts advise?]. Available at: https://superagronom.com/articles/642-znijennya-sobivartosti-viroschuvannya-sonyashniku-scho-radyat-fahivtsi [in Ukrainian].
United States Department of Agriculture. (2024). Ukraine production estimates (sunflower MY2023/24). Crop Explorer. Available at: https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/cropexplorer/pecad_stories.aspx?regionid=umb&ftype=prodbriefs.
International Grains Council. (2023). Grain market report no. 528 (sunflower outlook 2023/24). Available at: https://www.igc.int/en/default.aspx.
FAO. (2023). FAOSTAT: Crops and livestock products (sunflower up to 2023). Available at: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL.
KWS Ukraine. (2023). Novi hibrydy soniashnyku kompanii KWS. Rezultaty vyprobuvan 2023 roku [New sunflower hybrids from KWS. Results of 2023 trials]. Available at: https://www.kws.com/ua/uk/novyny-ta-podiyi/novyny/novyny-sonyashnyku/novi-hibrydy-soniashnyku-kompanii-kws-rezultaty-vyprobuvan-2023-roku/ [in Ukrainian].
