ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITATIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/ecovis/2025-2-12Keywords:
environmental constraints, sustainable development, socio-economic systems, circular economy, environmental policy, EU countries experienceAbstract
The article examines the problem of harmonizing economic development and environmental protection within the framework of sustainable development of socio-economic systems. The study aims analysis of global practices of implementing ecological constraints and identification the possibilities of their adaptation for Ukraine in the context of European integration and post-war recovery. The research applies a system-analytical and comparative approach, structural-functional analysis, and synthesis of international environmental policy experience. There is justified that ecological constraints act as an effective mechanism for optimizing economic growth by combining legal, economic, technological and social tools aimed at reducing negative environmental impact of human activity. The experience of European Union is generalized, including carbon taxation mechanisms, emission trading systems (EU ETS), development of the circular economy, green innovations and environmental education. The impact of environmental restrictions on the economic performance of EU countries in 2005-2023 was analyzed. A significant decrease in CO2 levels, an increase in the share of renewable energy in final consumption, and the level of waste recycling over this period were noted. Conducted analysis confirms that ecological restrictions not only mitigate ecological risks, but also stimulate innovation, enhance competitiveness, and promote transition toward low-carbon and resource-efficient economics. The European Green Deal is highlighted as an exemplary model of integrating ecological responsibility into economic policy. It is argued that Ukraine’s ecological policy should focus on harmonizing environmental legislation with EU standards, promoting eco-education, stimulating green technologies and renewable energy, and developing green taxation and investment mechanisms. Implementing these measures will ensure formation of sustainable, competitive, and innovation-oriented economics based on the principles of balanced interaction between society, economy and nature.
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