DOCTRINAL APPROACHES TO THE MECHANISM OF LABOUR RIGHTS IMPLEMENTATION

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of doctrinal approaches to the mechanisms for the implementation of labor rights in contemporary legal systems. Particular attention is paid to conceptualizing labor rights as an integral part of human rights, highlighting the need for their justiciability and effective legal protection. The study examines key doctrinal models, including “hard” and “soft” law, adaptive regulation, the concept of shared responsibility, and transformative constitutionalism, identifying their advantages and limitations. A multi-level institutional framework for the protection of labor rights is analyzed, encompassing constitutional, legislative, administrative, and judicial levels, as well as the role of international and regional organizations, including the International Labour Organization and the Council of Europe system. The article investigates national labor inspection bodies, transnational control mechanisms, and collective bargaining in global supply chains, emphasizing both their potential and limitations. Contemporary challenges to the realization of labor rights are highlighted, including globalization, digitalization, non-standard forms of employment, and issues of accessibility and effectiveness of existing protection mechanisms. Based on the analysis, key directions for improving the mechanisms for the implementation of labor rights are outlined, including the development of transnational monitoring tools, strengthening national institutions, integrating international, regional, and national regulatory levels, enhancing social dialogue, and utilizing digital technologies for monitoring and enforcement. The findings and recommendations presented have practical significance for enhancing the effectiveness of legal protection for workers amid the ongoing transformations of the labor market.